Module 5: Personality Psychology
5.3. Psychological disorders

First, let's define what a mental disorder is. A mental disorder is a serious condition that affects a person's perception and behavior. This can manifest as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety, and other conditions. Mental disorders require medical intervention and treatment, which makes them distinct from psychological problems.

On the other hand, psychological problems are normal reactions to stress and difficulties in life. These can be temporary problems that are usually solved with the help of support from close people, friends, or psychological help. Examples of psychological problems include fears, phobias, family problems, problems at work, and others.

Thus, the main difference between mental disorders and psychological problems is their severity and duration. Mental disorders require medical intervention and treatment, while psychological problems are often solved with the support of a social environment and psychological assistance.

It is also important to note that mental disorders can be more severe and long-lasting, while psychological problems are usually more short-term and can be resolved through support and therapy.

Psychological disorders are a serious problem in modern society. These conditions often affect a person's personality, their ability to function in society, communicate with others, and affect their quality of life. In this lecture, we will look at different types of psychological disorders, their symptoms, causes, and treatment methods.

Some types of psychological disorders:

Depression: This is one of the most common psychological disorders, which is characterized by a constant feeling of sadness, loss of interest in life, fatigue, lack of sleep or excessive sleep. Depression can be caused by various factors, such as stress, genetic predispositions, and a chemical imbalance in the brain.

Anxiety disorders: These include conditions characterized by excessive anxiety, restlessness, nervousness, panic attacks, and phobias. People with anxiety disorders can experience constant feelings of anxiety and anxiety even for no apparent reason.

Personality disorders: These disorders are characterized by persistent and long-term pathological personality traits. Some of the most well-known personality disorders include paranoid personality disorder, hysterical personality disorder, antipersonal personality disorder, etc.

Eating disorders: This includes anorexia, bulimia, and overeating. These disorders are associated with the wrong attitude to food, the constant struggle for the perfect figure and suffering because of appearance.

Causes of psychological disorders:

Psychological disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic predisposition, stress, trauma, brain dysfunction, or chemical imbalance. Sociocultural, environmental, and biological factors can also influence the development of psychological disorders.

Treatment methods:

Treatment of psychological disorders may include psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, family therapy, characteristic methods (methods of reducing aggression), and psychosocial intervention. It is important to remember that the treatment should be individual and selected bya specialist for each specific case.

Psychological disorders are serious and can significantly complicate a person's life. They require a comprehensive approach to treatment, including support from relatives and specialists. It is also important to remember that psychological disorders do not obscure the patient's personality, but are a part of their life that can be overcome with the right approach and support.