Module 3: Developmental Psychology
3.2. Adolescent development
Adolescence is the period between childhood and adulthood, usually spanning the ages of 12 to 18. This period is accompanied by significant physiological, psychological and social changes.
Physiological changes:
o Growth: During adolescence, there is an active increase in height associated with bone growth and increased muscle mass. For boys, this period can start from about 10-12 years, and for girls from 8-10 years.
o Development of sexual characteristics: Both sexes begin to develop secondary sexual characteristics, such as breast enlargement in girls and vocal apparatus in boys, hair growth. In boys, the growth of muscles and genitals begins, and in girls, the menstrual cycle and ovarian development begin.
Psychological aspects:
o Emotional changes: Adolescents often experience emotional outbursts, which may be due to hormonal changes and psychological stress.
o Social development: Teenagers begin to form their own social identity, seek a place in society, and establish relationships with their peers.
Health and lifestyle:
o Physical activity: It is important to maintain an active lifestyle that promotes proper physical development.
o Healthy Eating: Proper nutrition provides essential nutrients for growth and development.
Tips for parents:
o Understanding and support: It is important to understand that adolescence can be difficult, and to support your child during this time.
o Open communication: Create an open atmosphere for conversations about physiological and emotional changes.
Remember that every teenager is different, and the speed of development may vary. If you have any questions or concerns, we recommend that you contact your doctor or adolescent health professional.
Separation in adolescence
Don't overdo it with supervision and guardianship. A child in adolescence enters the process of separation - the process of psychological separation of the child from the parents. As a result of separation, a person becomes completely independent: physically, morally and financially. We do not stop communicating with our parents, loving and respecting them. On the contrary, we have perfectly healthy relationships with adults, where we also act as an adult. Until the separation from your parents takes place, it is impossible to fully start your own life.
It should be noted that a teenager is just entering separation and it is not worth waiting for balanced decisions and serious actions from him, as from a full-fledged adult and independent person. However, it is not necessary to prevent the desire to become such.
